CONTENTS
1 5G Phase 1 and evolution toward 6G............................................................................................................3
2 Service expansion beyond Release 15..........................................................................................................6
2.1 5G LAN.............................................................................................................................................................6
2.2 Satellite access................................................................................................................................................7
2.3 Critical medical applications ..........................................................................................................................8
2.4 5G V2X.............................................................................................................................................................9
2.5 UAVs or drones..............................................................................................................................................10
2.6 Audio-visual production................................................................................................................................11
2.7 Cyber-physical control applications...............................................................................................................12
2.8 Positioning.....................................................................................................................................................13
2.9 Haptic services..............................................................................................................................................14
2.10 Miscellaneous services.................................................................................................................................15
3 NR enhancements beyond Release 15........................................................................................................16
3.1 Integrated access and backhaul (IAB)...........................................................................................................16
3.2 NR unlicensed (NR-U)...................................................................................................................................18
3.3 URLLC enhancements...................................................................................................................................19
3.4 Industrial IoT (IIoT) enhancements...............................................................................................................20
3.5 New frequency bands...................................................................................................................................20
3.6 Miscellaneous NR enhancements.................................................................................................................22
4 5G network architecture enhancements.....................................................................................................24
5 Miscellaneous enhancements.....................................................................................................................26
5.1 SEAL...............................................................................................................................................................26
5.2 5G SON..........................................................................................................................................................27
5.3 Security enhancements.................................................................................................................................28
6 6G: A crystal ball perspective......................................................................................................................29
6.1 Predicting the 6G future................................................................................................................................29
6.2 Key technologies as 6G enablers...................................................................................................................30
6.2.1 Artificial intelligence.....................................................................................................................................30
6.2.2 RF and optical technologies..........................................................................................................................32
6.2.3 Network technologies...................................................................................................................................33
6.3 Potential performance targets for 6G............................................................................................................33
6.4 Potential 6G services.....................................................................................................................................33
7 Summary.......................................................................................................................................................34
8 Literature.......................................................................................................................................................36